{"id":6755,"date":"2026-03-06T08:58:18","date_gmt":"2026-03-06T08:58:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cronicavj.ro\/?p=6755"},"modified":"2026-03-06T08:58:18","modified_gmt":"2026-03-06T08:58:18","slug":"cercetatori-romani-lupta-impotriva-poluarii-invizibile-microplasticele-ameninta-apele-vaii-jiului-in-era-tranzitiei-verzi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cronicahd.ro\/?p=6755","title":{"rendered":"Cercet\u0103tori rom\u00e2ni lupt\u0103 \u00eempotriva polu\u0103rii invizibile. Microplasticele amenin\u021b\u0103 apele V\u0103ii Jiului \u00een era tranzi\u021biei verzi"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u00cen inima V\u0103ii Jiului, o zon\u0103 marcat\u0103 de mo\u0219tenirea minier\u0103 \u0219i aflat\u0103 acum \u00een plin\u0103 transformare spre o economie sustenabil\u0103, institutul na\u021bional INCD INSEMEX din Petro\u0219ani desf\u0103\u0219oar\u0103 un program ambi\u021bios de cercetare care vizeaz\u0103 nu doar securitatea industrial\u0103, ci \u0219i protec\u021bia mediului \u0219i a s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii publice.<\/p>\n<p>Programul nucleu EXH2, finan\u021bat de statul rom\u00e2n \u0219i derulat \u00eentre 2023 \u0219i 2026, se concentreaz\u0103 pe cre\u0219terea capacit\u0103\u021bii na\u021bionale de expertiz\u0103 \u00een domenii critice precum explozii, incendii \u0219i medii explozive generate de hidrogen \u2013 un combustibil cheie al viitorului verde. Dar dincolo de riscurile tehnologice, programul abordeaz\u0103 o amenin\u021bare mai subtil\u0103: poluarea cu microplastice \u0219i al\u021bi contaminan\u021bi \u00een aer \u0219i ape, \u00eentr-o regiune unde industria grea las\u0103 urme ad\u00e2nci.<br \/>\nObiectivele programului EXH2: De la securitate industrial\u0103 la protec\u021bie ecologic\u0103<br \/>\nScopul principal al EXH2, a\u0219a cum este detaliat \u00een raportul anual pentru 2025, este dezvoltarea cuno\u0219tin\u021belor \u0219i tehnologiilor pentru o securitate industrial\u0103 \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bit\u0103, cu accent pe protec\u021bia la explozie \u00een medii cu hidrogen. Institutul \u00ee\u0219i propune s\u0103 perfec\u021bioneze proceduri, tehnici \u0219i metode pentru a gestiona riscurile din aplica\u021bii industriale poten\u021bial explozive sau toxice, generate de hidrogen. Acest lucru include implementarea unui sistem de management responsabil pentru riscuri, care s\u0103 protejeze oamenii, mediul \u0219i societatea civil\u0103 de accidente antropice.<br \/>\nProgramul se aliniaz\u0103 la priorit\u0103\u021bi na\u021bionale \u0219i europene, \u021bintind domenii din Strategia Na\u021bional\u0103 pentru Cercetare, Dezvoltare \u0219i Inovare (SNCDI) 2022-2027, precum securitatea \u0219i s\u0103n\u0103tatea \u00een munc\u0103 (3.1, 3.2) \u0219i protec\u021bia mediului (6.1).<br \/>\n\u00cen cadrul specializ\u0103rii inteligente, EXH2 se concentreaz\u0103 pe subdomenii esen\u021biale, precum energia \u0219i mobilitatea, promov\u00e2nd dezvoltarea mobilit\u0103\u021bii verzi prin vehicule pe baz\u0103 de hidrogen, sisteme eficiente de stocare a energiei \u0219i tehnologii de generare cu emisii zero, incluz\u00e2nd energia eolian\u0103, solar\u0103, geotermal\u0103, nuclear\u0103 sau pe baz\u0103 de hidrogen. \u00cen domeniul mediului \u0219i al eco-tehnologiilor, EXH2 sus\u021bine implementarea solu\u021biilor pentru monitorizarea \u0219i depoluarea aerului, apelor \u0219i solului, folosind re\u021bele de senzori \u0219i date satelitare pentru gestionarea eficient\u0103 a contamin\u0103rilor.<br \/>\nComplementar, programul se integreaz\u0103 \u00een ini\u021biative europene precum Horizon Europe, RFCS (Cercetare C\u0103rbune \u0219i O\u021bel) \u0219i Green Deal, sprijinind tranzi\u021bia just\u0103 a regiunilor miniere ca Valea Jiului spre o\u021bel curat \u0219i energie decarbonizat\u0103. Finan\u021b\u0103ri de sute de milioane de euro sunt direc\u021bionate spre proiecte care reduc emisiile, optimizeaz\u0103 resursele \u0219i \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021besc s\u0103n\u0103tatea \u0219i securitatea \u00een munc\u0103.<\/p>\n<p>Un proiect emblematic: Lupta \u00eempotriva microplasticelor \u00een r\u00e2ul Jiul<\/p>\n<p>Unul dintre proiectele cheie din cadrul EXH2, PN23320101, se concentreaz\u0103 pe \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birea calit\u0103\u021bii aerului \u0219i apei \u00een Valea Jiului. Obiectivul general: Evaluarea polu\u0103rii prin pulberi (PM10, PM2.5), gaze toxice (SOx, NOx, CO, CO2, COV), zgomot, metale, poluan\u021bi organici persisten\u021bi (POP) \u0219i microplastice, folosind metode avansate precum Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) pentru simularea dispersiei contaminan\u021bilor.<br \/>\n\u00cen faza curent\u0103 (terminat\u0103 \u00een iunie 2025), cercet\u0103torii au perfec\u021bionat tehnici de prelevare \u0219i analiz\u0103 a microplasticelor din apele de suprafa\u021b\u0103, folosind microscopie cuplat\u0103 cu spectrometrie FTIR (Fourier-Transform Infrared). Experimente pe probe sintetice au identificat tipuri comune de plastice precum PET (din sticle), LDPE (din pungi), PS (poli\u0219tiren), PP (polipropilen\u0103) \u0219i EVA, analiz\u00e2nd spectrele lor IR pentru a detecta compozi\u021bia chimic\u0103. Rezultatele arat\u0103 benzi caracteristice, cum ar fi cea la 1715 cm\u207b\u00b9 pentru PET, confirm\u00e2nd prezen\u021ba acestor poluan\u021bi invizibili \u00een ecosisteme acvatice.<br \/>\nAceste eforturi nu sunt doar \u0219tiin\u021bifice: Ele vizeaz\u0103 cre\u0219terea con\u0219tientiz\u0103rii popula\u021biei, propunerea de m\u0103suri pentru reducerea microplasticelor \u0219i evaluarea impactului asupra s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u021bii \u00een zonele miniere \u00een tranzi\u021bie. \u00centr-o regiune unde minele se \u00eenchid, iar hidrogenul ar putea deveni noul &#8222;aur verde&#8221;, programul EXH2 demonstreaz\u0103 cum cercetarea rom\u00e2neasc\u0103 poate transforma provoc\u0103rile ecologice \u00een oportunit\u0103\u021bi de dezvoltare durabil\u0103.<br \/>\nCu un buget na\u021bional \u0219i conexiuni europene, INSEMEX pozi\u021bioneaz\u0103 Rom\u00e2nia ca un actor cheie \u00een lupta global\u0103 \u00eempotriva polu\u0103rii, combin\u00e2nd expertiza \u00een securitate minier\u0103 cu inova\u021bii verzi. Rezultatele finale, a\u0219teptate \u00een 2026, ar putea influen\u021ba politici na\u021bionale \u0219i regionale, oferind un model pentru alte zone post-industriale.<br \/>\nMonika BACIU<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; \u00cen inima V\u0103ii Jiului, o zon\u0103 marcat\u0103 de mo\u0219tenirea minier\u0103 \u0219i aflat\u0103 acum \u00een&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":106,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1,14],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6755","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actual","category-social"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.3.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Cercet\u0103tori rom\u00e2ni lupt\u0103 \u00eempotriva polu\u0103rii invizibile. 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